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Compare Croatia (2001) - Equatorial Guinea (2005)

Compare Croatia (2001) z Equatorial Guinea (2005)

 Croatia (2001)Equatorial Guinea (2005)
 CroatiaEquatorial Guinea
Administrative divisions 20 counties (zupanije, zupanija - singular), 1 city (grad -singular)*: Bjelovarsko-Bilogorska Zupanija, Brodsko-Posavska Zupanija, Dubrovacko-Neretvanska Zupanija, Istarska Zupanija, Karlovacka Zupanija, Koprivnicko-Krizevacka Zupanija, Krapinsko-Zagorska Zupanija, Licko-Senjska Zupanija, Medimurska Zupanija, Osjecko-Baranjska Zupanija, Pozesko-Slavonska Zupanija, Primorsko-Goranska Zupanija, Sibensko-Kninska Zupanija, Sisacko-Moslavacka Zupanija, Splitsko-Dalmatinska Zupanija, Varazdinska Zupanija, Viroviticko-Podravska Zupanija, Vukovarsko-Srijemska Zupanija, Zadarska Zupanija, Zagreb*, Zagrebacka Zupanija 7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Age structure 0-14 years:
18.16% (male 403,722; female 383,151)

15-64 years:
66.61% (male 1,452,872; female 1,434,086)

65 years and over:
15.23% (male 245,727; female 414,584) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 41.7% (male 112,326/female 111,244)


15-64 years: 54.5% (male 140,568/female 151,500)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 8,900/female 11,343) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflower seed, alfalfa, clover, olives, citrus, grapes, soy beans, potatoes; livestock, dairy products coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
Airports 67 (2000 est.) 4 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
22

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
total: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


less than 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
45

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total:
56,542 sq km

land:
56,414 sq km

water:
128 sq km
total: 28,051 sq km


land: 28,051 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than West Virginia slightly smaller than Maryland
Background In 1918, the Croats, Serbs, and Slovenes formed a kingdom known after 1929 as Yugoslavia. Following World War II, Yugoslavia became an independent communist state under the strong hand of Marshal TITO. Although Croatia declared its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, it took four years of sporadic, but often bitter, fighting before occupying Serb armies were mostly cleared from Croatian lands. Under UN supervision the last Serb-held enclave in eastern Slavonia was returned to Croatia in 1998. Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. This tiny country, composed of a mainland portion plus five inhabited islands, is one of the smallest on the African continent. President OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO has ruled the country for over two decades since seizing power from his uncle, then President MACIAS, in a 1979 coup. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 legislative elections - were widely seen as being flawed. The president controls most opposition parties through the judicious use of patronage. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, there have been few improvements in the country's living standards.
Birth rate 12.82 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 36.18 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$6 billion

expenditures:
$4.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $813.2 million


expenditures: $375.3 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital Zagreb Malabo
Climate Mediterranean and continental; continental climate predominant with hot summers and cold winters; mild winters, dry summers along coast tropical; always hot, humid
Coastline 5,835 km (mainland 1,777 km, islands 4,058 km) 296 km
Constitution adopted on 22 December 1990 approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Croatia

conventional short form:
Croatia

local long form:
Republika Hrvatska

local short form:
Hrvatska
conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea


conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea


local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial


local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial


former: Spanish Guinea
Currency kuna (HRK) -
Death rate 11.41 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $9.9 billion (December 1999) $248 million (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Lawrence G. ROSSIN

embassy:
Andrije Hebranga 2, 100000 Zagreb

mailing address:
use street address

telephone:
[385] (1) 455-55-00

FAX:
[385] (1) 455-85-85
the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); the US ambassador to Cameroon is accredited to Equatorial Guinea; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ivan GRDESIC

chancery:
2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 588-5899

FAX:
[1] (202) 588-8936

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Cleveland, Los Angeles, New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Teodoro Biyogo NSUE


chancery: 2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 518-5700


FAX: [1] (202) 518-5252
Disputes - international Croatia and Italy made progress toward resolving a bilateral issue dating from World War II over property and ethnic minority rights; progress with Slovenia on discussions of adjustments to land boundary, but problems remain in defining maritime boundary in Gulf of Piran; Croatia and Yugoslavia are negotiating the status of the strategically important Prevlaka Peninsula, which is currently under a UN military observer mission (UNMOP) in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River, imprecisely defined maritime coordinates in the ICJ decision, and the unresolved Bakasi allocation contribute to the delay in implementation; UN has been pressing Equatorial Guinea and Gabon to pledge to resolve the sovereignty dispute over Gabon-occupied Mbane Island and create a maritime boundary in the hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay
Economic aid - recipient $NA $33.8 million (1995)
Economy - overview Before the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the Republic of Croatia, after Slovenia, was the most prosperous and industrialized area, with a per capita output perhaps one-third above the Yugoslav average. Croatia faces considerable economic problems stemming from: the legacy of longtime communist mismanagement of the economy; damage during the internecine fighting to bridges, factories, power lines, buildings, and houses; the large refugee and displaced population, both Croatian and Bosnian; and the disruption of economic ties. Stepped-up Western aid and investment, especially in the tourist and oil industries, would help bolster the economy. The economy emerged from its mild recession in 2000 with tourism the main factor. Massive unemployment remains a key negative element. The government's failure to press the economic reforms needed to spur growth is largely the result of coalition politics and public resistance, particularly from the trade unions, to measures that would cut jobs, wages, or social benefits. The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth presumably remained strong in 2004, led by oil.
Electricity - consumption 13.643 billion kWh (1999) 24.82 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 1 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 4.45 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 10.96 billion kWh (1999) 26.69 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
40.89%

hydro:
59%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.11% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Adriatic Sea 0 m

highest point:
Dinara 1,830 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m
Environment - current issues air pollution (from metallurgical plants) and resulting acid rain is damaging the forests; coastal pollution from industrial and domestic waste; landmine removal and reconstruction of infrastructure consequent to 1992-95 civil strife tap water is not potable; deforestation
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Croat 78.1%, Serb 12.2%, Bosniak 0.9%, Hungarian 0.5%, Slovenian 0.5%, Czech 0.4%, Albanian 0.3%, Montenegrin 0.3%, Roma 0.2%, others 6.6% (1991) Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish
Exchange rates kuna per US dollar - 8.089 (January 2001), 8.277 (2000), 7.112 (1999), 6.362 (1998), 6.101 (1997), 5.434 (1996) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Stjepan (Stipe) MESIC (since 18 February 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Ivica RACAN (since 27 January 2000); Deputy Prime Ministers Goran GRANIC (since 27 January 2000), Zeljka ANTUNOVIC (since 27 January 2000), Slavko LINIC (since 27 January 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers named by the prime minister and approved by the House of Representatives

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 7 February 2000 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister nominated by the president in line with the balance of power in the Assembly

election results:
Stjepan MESIC elected president; percent of vote - Stjepan MESIC (HNS) 56%, Drazen BUDISA (HSLS) 44%

note:
government coalition - SDP, HSLS, HSS, LP, HNS, IDS
chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup)


head of government: Prime Minister Miguel Abia BITEO BORICO (since 14 June 2004); First Deputy Prime Minister Mercelino Oyono NTUTUMU (since 15 June 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Ricardo Mangue Obama NFUBEA (since 15 June 2004)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 15 December 2002 (next to be held December 2009); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected president; percent of vote - Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO 97.1%, Celestino Bonifacio BACALE 2.2%; elections marred by widespread fraud
Exports $4.3 billion (f.o.b., 1999) NA
Exports - commodities transport equipment, textiles, chemicals, foodstuffs, fuels petroleum, methanol, timber, cocoa
Exports - partners Italy 18%, Germany 15.7%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 12.8%, Slovenia 10.6%, Austria 6.2% (1999) US 29.3%, China 22.8%, Spain 16%, Taiwan 14.9%, Canada 6.8% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 January - 31 December
Flag description red, white, and blue horizontal bands with Croatian coat of arms (red and white checkered) three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)
GDP purchasing power parity - $24.9 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
10%

industry:
19%

services:
71% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 3%


industry: 95.7%


services: 1.3% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.2% (2000 est.) 20% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 45 10 N, 15 30 E 2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note controls most land routes from Western Europe to Aegean Sea and Turkish Straits insular and continental regions rather widely separated
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
27,840 km

paved:
23,497 km (including 330 km of expressways)

unpaved:
4,343 km (1998)
total: 2,880 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs transit point along the Balkan route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe; a minor transit point for maritime shipments of South American cocaine bound for Western Europe -
Imports $7.8 billion (c.i.f., 1999) NA
Imports - commodities machinery, transport and electrical equipment, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, foodstuffs petroleum sector equipment, other equipment
Imports - partners Germany 18.5%, Italy 15.9%, Russia 8.6%, Slovenia 7.9%, Austria 7.1% (1999) US 26.8%, Cote d'Ivoire 21.4%, Spain 13.6%, France 8.8%, UK 7.8%, Italy 4.4% (2004)
Independence 25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia) 12 October 1968 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 1.7% (2000) 30% (2002 est.)
Industries chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper, wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages; tourism petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Infant mortality rate 7.21 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 85.13 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 91.28 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 78.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6% (2000 est.) 8.5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 9 (2000) -
Irrigated land 30 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; judges for both courts appointed for eight-year terms by the Judicial Council of the Republic, which is elected by the House of Representatives Supreme Tribunal
Labor force 1.68 million (October 2000) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% -
Land boundaries total:
2,028 km

border countries:
Bosnia and Herzegovina 932 km, Hungary 329 km, Yugoslavia 266 km, Slovenia 501 km
total: 539 km


border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Land use arable land:
21%

permanent crops:
2%

permanent pastures:
20%

forests and woodland:
38%

other:
19% (1993 est.)
arable land: 4.63%


permanent crops: 3.57%


other: 91.8% (2001)
Languages Croatian 96%, other 4% (including Italian, Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and German) Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Legal system based on civil law system partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom
Legislative branch bicameral Assembly or Sabor consists of the House of Counties or Zupanijski Dom (68 seats, 63 directly elected by popular vote, 5 appointed by the president; members serve four-year terms; note - House of Counties to be abolished in 2001) and House of Representatives or the Zastupnicki Dom (151 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
House of Counties - last held 13 April 1997; House of Representatives - last held 2-3 January 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
House of Counties - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HDZ 42, HSLS/HSS 11, HSS 2, IDS 2, SDP/PGS/HNS 2, SDP/HNS 2, HSLS/HSS/HNS 1, HSLS 1; note - in some districts certain parties ran as coalitions, while in others they ran alone; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HDZ 46, SDP 44, HSLS 24, HSS 17, HSP/HKDU 5, IDS 4, HNS 2, independents 4, minority representatives 5
unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 25 April 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PDGE 98, NA 2


note: Parliament has little power since the constitution vests all executive authority in the president
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.9 years

male:
70.28 years

female:
77.73 years (2001 est.)
total population: 49.7 years


male: 48.01 years


female: 51.44 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
99%

female:
95% (1991 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 85.7%


male: 93.3%


female: 78.4% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
53 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 631,853 GRT/969,739 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 11, cargo 18, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 5, container 3, multi-functional large-load carrier 3, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 2, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea passenger 3 (2000 est.)
total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,556 GRT/9,704 DWT


by type: cargo 1 (2005)
Military branches Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces Army, Navy, Air Force (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $575 million (2000) $126.2 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.8% (2000) 2.5% (2004)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,085,877 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
859,621 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 19 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
30,037 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Republic Day/Statehood Day, 30 May (1990) Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Nationality noun:
Croat(s)

adjective:
Croatian
noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)


adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Natural hazards destructive earthquakes violent windstorms, flash floods
Natural resources oil, some coal, bauxite, low-grade iron ore, calcium, natural asphalt, silica, mica, clays, salt, hydropower petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay
Net migration rate 13.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 670 km; petroleum products 20 km; natural gas 310 km (1992) condensate 37 km; gas 39 km; liquid natural gas 4 km; oil 24 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Alliance of Croatian Coast and Mountains Department or PGS [Luciano SUSANJ]; Croatian Christian Democratic Union or HKDU [Marko VESELICA]; Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Ivo SANADER]; Croatian Party of Rights or HSP [Dobroslav PARAGA]; Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Zlatko TOMCIC]; Croatian People's Party or HNS [Vesna PUSIC]; Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Drazen BUDISA]; Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Vojislav STANIMIROVIC]; Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC]; Liberal Party or LP [leader NA]; Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Ivica RACAN]

note:
the Social Democratic Party or SDP and the Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS formed a coalition as did the HSS, HNS, LP, and IDS, which together defeated the Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ in the 2000 lower house parliamentary election
Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 4,334,142 (July 2001 est.) 535,881 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 4% (1999 est.) NA
Population growth rate 1.48% (2001 est.) 2.42% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Dubrovnik, Dugi Rat, Omisalj, Ploce, Pula, Rijeka, Sibenik, Split, Vukovar (inland waterway port on Danube), Zadar Malabo
Radio broadcast stations AM 16, FM 98, shortwave 5 (1999) AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 5 (2002)
Radios 1.51 million (1997) -
Railways total:
2,296 km

standard gauge:
2,296 km 1.435-m gauge (983 km electrified) (2000)
-
Religions Roman Catholic 76.5%, Orthodox 11.1%, Muslim 1.2%, Protestant 0.4%, others and unknown 10.8% (1991) nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.59 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal (16 years of age, if employed) 18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
reconstruction plan calls for replacement of all analog circuits with digital and enlarging the network; a backup will be included in the plan for the main trunk

international:
digital international service is provided through the main switch in Zagreb; Croatia participates in the Trans-Asia-Europe (TEL) fiber-optic project which consists of two fiber-optic trunk connections with Slovenia and a fiber-optic trunk line from Rijeka to Split and Dubrovnik; Croatia is also investing in ADRIA 1, a joint fiber-optic project with Germany, Albania, and Greece (2000)
general assessment: poor system with adequate government services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 240; international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 1.488 million (1997) 9,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 187,000 (yearend 1998) 41,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 36 (plus 321 repeaters) (September 1995) 1 (2002)
Terrain geographically diverse; flat plains along Hungarian border, low mountains and highlands near Adriatic coastline and islands coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate 1.94 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.62 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 22% (October 2000) 30% (1998 est.)
Waterways 785 km

note:
(perennially navigable; large sections of Sava blocked by downed bridges, silt, and debris)
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